Methods: A retrospective observational analysis was performed of all patients positive for Aeromonas in stool cultures, during a 10-year period, from tertiary and university hospital. Results: Fifty patients were included, 56% male with a mean of 42.1 years-old. Seventy-six (76%) were non-IBD and 12 (24%) IBD patients. IBD patients were more frequently under immunosuppressors. Two patients were asymptomatic and 44% develop mild, 44% moderate and 16.7% severe infection. The main strains isolated were Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae. Bacterial co-isolation was found in 4 non-IBD and histological findings of Cytomegalovirus were found in 2 IBD patients. Non-IBD patients presented more frequently with fever and IBD patients with bloody diarrhea and abdominal pain. There was higher tendency for severe infection rate in IBD patients with higher antimicrobial therapy use. Steroids were exclusively used in IBD group. From IBD, 4 patients had the diagnosis of Ulcerative Colitis and 9 of Crohn’s Disease with colonic involvement. Of them, 5 received IBD diagnosis after the acute episode of Aeromonas infection. Conclusions: Clinical presentation of Aeromonas infection differ between IBD and non-IBD patients. Non-IBD patients had milder severity of infection with less use of antibiotics. Aeromonas infection seem to play an important role on the contribution of IBD manifestation.