Portugal is one of the countries with highest tuberculosis (TB) burden in the European Union with a reporting rate in the North region registered in 2016 of 21.6/100,000 inhabitants. Anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) can increase the risk of reactivation of TB in patients with latent infection (LTBI). The study aims were to evaluate the prevalence of LTBI and the number of active TB cases in patients with IBD treated with anti-TNF.